Japan intended the attack as a preventive action to keep the U.S. The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory, on the morning of December 7, 1941. Tripartite Pact: A defensive military alliance between Germany, Japan, and Italy signed in Berlin on September 27, 1940. Nanking Massacre: An episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against the residents of Nanking, then the capital of the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.prompted Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy to declare war on the U.S. entry into World War II in both the Pacific and European theaters. The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to the U.S. aircraft were destroyed, 2,403 Americans were killed, and 1,178 others were wounded. Pacific Fleet from interfering with military actions the Empire of Japan planned in Southeast Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States.
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